Gerald S. Zavorsky's photo

Adjunct Professor
Fellow, American College of Sports Medicine (FACSM)
Davis Campus
e-mail

Research Interests

I am an Adjunct Professor and respiratory therapist with a California license to practice respiratory care. I also have a graduate biostatistics certificate from the University of Louisville. Since 1998, I published over 80 first-author or senior-author (last-author) peer-reviewed publications in sports sciences, respiratory physiology, and clinical medicine.

Since 2001, I held several faculty positions around North America, including McGill University, Georgia State University, University of Louisville, and Saint Louis University. I am an expert in in pulmonary function diagnostics, specifically pulmonary diffusing capacity for nitric oxide (DLNO). DLNO may be an added prognostic indicator of pulmonary gas exchange impairment over and above the DLCO (pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide) in those with cardiopulmonary disease. Once inhaled, nitric oxide (NO) diffuses almost instantaneously in the lungs, and thus it can be said that its blood transfer conductance approaches infinity in vivo. Thus, DLNO represents more of the alveolar-capillary component of diffusion, while DLCO represents more of the vascular component of diffusion. So, adding a small amount of NO (10-40 ppm) to the traditional DLCO gas mixture (0.3% CO, 10% He, 21% O2, Bal N2) when performing a diffusing capacity test can be additive to understanding the pathophysiological process of poor pulmonary gas exchange in those with cardiopulmonary diseases. My research goals are to (1) develop parsimonious reference equations for DLNO across all ages and ethnic groups and (2) determine the added benefit of DLNO to DLCO in various cardiopulmonary diseases. In addition, I am interested in exercise physiology, focusing on examining pulmonary gas exchange impairments during exercise in endurance athletes and those with cardiopulmonary disease via arterial blood gas analyses. Finally, I enjoy analyzing data and performing biostatistical analyses for various studies in cardiopulmonary sciences.

I am a member of several professional organizations: the American Association for Respiratory Care, American Thoracic Society, California Thoracic Society, the California Society for Respiratory Care, the European Respiratory Society, and the American College of Sports Medicine. I also review several manuscripts for several journals. I am on the editorial board for Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, and an Associate Editor for Frontiers in Physiology: Respiratory Physiology and Pathophysiology.

Graduate Group Affiliations

An updated list of current publications: PubMed | Google Scholar

Zavorsky GS, van Wijk XMR. "The stability of blood gases and CO-oximetry under slushed ice and room temperature conditions". Clin Chem Lab Med. Apr 6 2023;doi:10.1515/cclm-2022-1085

Zavorsky GS, van Wijk XMR, Gasparyan S, Stollenwerk NS, Brooks RA. "Stability of whole blood electrolyte specimens at room temperature vs. slushed ice conditions". J Appl Lab Med. Aug 27 2022;7(2):541-554. doi:10.1093/jalm/jfab089

Zavorsky GS, Cao J. "Reference equations for pulmonary diffusing capacity using segmented regression show similar predictive accuracy as GAMLSS models". BMJ Open Respir Res. Feb 2022;9(1)doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2021-001087

Zavorsky GS. "The stability of pleural fluid pH under slushed ice and room temperature conditions". Clin Chem Lab Med. Oct 26 2022;61(1):e22-e24. doi:10.1515/cclm-2022-0669

Cortes-Telles A, Figueroa-Hurtado E, Ortiz-Farias DL, Zavorsky GS. "Clinical predictors of lung function in patients recovering from mild COVID-19". BMC Pulm Med. Jul 31 2022;22(1):294. doi:10.1186/s12890-022-02086-9

Zavorsky GS, Almamary AS, Alqahtani MK, Shan SHS, Gardenhire DS. "The need for race-specific reference equations for pulmonary diffusing capacity for nitric oxide". BMC Pulm Med. Jul 13 2021;21(1):232. doi:10.1186/s12890-021-01591-7

Zavorsky GS, van der Lee I. "Can the measurement of pulmonary diffusing capacity for nitric oxide replace the measurement of pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide?" Respir Physiol Neurobiol. Jul 2017;241:9-16. doi:10.1016/j.resp.2016.11.008

Zavorsky GS, Tomko KA, Smoliga JM. "Declines in marathon performance: Sex differences in elite and recreational athletes". PLoS One. 2017;12(2):e0172121. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0172121

Zavorsky GS, Hsia CC, Hughes JM, et al. "Standardisation and application of the single-breath determination of nitric oxide uptake in the lung". Eur Respir J. Feb 2017;49(2):1600962. doi:10.1183/13993003.00962-2016

Burtch AR, Ogle BT, Sims PA, et al. "Controlled frequency breathing reduces inspiratory muscle fatigue". J Strength Cond Res. May 2017;31(5):1273-1281. doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000001589

Lavin KM, Guenette JA, Smoliga JM, Zavorsky GS. "Controlled-frequency breath swimming improves swimming performance and running economy". Scand J Med Sci Sports. Feb 2015;25(1):16-24. doi:10.1111/sms.12140

Cortes-Telles A, Torre-Bouscoulet L, Silva-Ceron M, et al. "Combined effects of mild-to-moderate obesity and asthma on physiological and sensory responses to exercise". Respir Med. Nov 2015;109(11):1397-403. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2015.09.010

Zavorsky GS, Tesler J, Rucker J, Fedorko L, Duffin J, Fisher JA. "Rates of carbon monoxide elimination in males and females". Physiol Rep. Dec 1 2014;2(12)doi:10.14814/phy2.12237

Zavorsky GS, Milne EN, Lavorini F, et al. "Interstitial lung edema triggered by marathon running". Respir Physiol Neurobiol. Jan 1 2014;190:137-41. doi:10.1016/j.resp.2013.10.007

Zavorsky GS, Milne EN, Lavorini F, et al. "Small changes in lung function in runners with marathon-induced interstitial lung edema". Physiol Rep. Jun 1 2014;2(6):e12056. doi:10.14814/phy2.12056

Flaherty JM, Smoliga JM, Zavorsky GS. "The effect of increased physical activity on pulmonary diffusing capacity in unfit women". Exp Physiol. Mar 2014;99(3):562-70. doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2013.076406

Zavorsky GS. "The rise in carboxyhemoglobin from repeated pulmonary diffusing capacity tests". Respir Physiol Neurobiol. Mar 1 2013;186(1):103-8. doi:10.1016/j.resp.2013.01.001

Zavorsky GS, Smoliga JM, Longo LD, et al. "Increased carbon monoxide clearance during exercise in humans". Med Sci Sports Exerc. Nov 2012;44(11):2118-24. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182602a00

Zavorsky GS, Cao J, Mayo NE, Gabbay R, Murias JM. "Arterial versus capillary blood gases: a meta-analysis". Respir Physiol Neurobiol. Mar 15 2007;155(3):268-79. doi:10.1016/j.resp.2006.07.002

Zavorsky GS, Murias JM. "A small amount of inhaled nitric oxide does not increase lung diffusing capacity". Eur Respir J. Jun 2006;27(6):1251-7. doi:10.1183/09031936.06.00146805